The Wilson Center’s Middle East Program hosted a timely virtual panel discussion on the latest developments in Syria. This panel explored the evolving dynamics in the region, their implications for international actors, and the prospects for Syria's future amid ongoing challenges.

The discussion featured insights from Ambassador Jim Jeffrey, Chair of the Middle East Program at the Wilson Center; Henri Barkey, Senior Fellow for Middle East Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations; Oula Alrifai, Assistant Vice President of Field & Constituencies at the National Immigration Forum; and Marie Forestier, Senior Advisor at the European Institute of Peace (EIP).

In early December 2024, Syrian opposition forces launched a rapid offensive, capturing key cities, including Aleppo, Homs, and the capital, Damascus. This led to the collapse of President Bashar al-Assad's regime, with Assad fleeing to Russia, where he was granted asylum.

The panel delved into the composition and objectives of the emerging transitional government in Syria, analyzing its potential structure and the challenges it may face in establishing stability and governance. Given the involvement of various factions, the discussion addressed the complexities of forming an inclusive government that represents Syria's diverse ethnic and sectarian communities. The panel also examined the impact of these developments on U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East, including the strategic considerations and potential shifts in alliances. The role of Israel, which has conducted airstrikes targeting military assets in Syria following the regime's collapse, was also discussed to understand its security concerns and involvement in shaping Syria's future.